Delhi, a city grappling with perennial air pollution issues, is taking significant steps to combat the dangerous levels of pollution that grip the region, particularly during the winter months. The Delhi Transport Department has enforced a ban on BS3 petrol and BS4 diesel vehicles in a bid to mitigate the alarming levels of pollution, with violators facing hefty fines of Rs 20,000. This move is part of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) Stage III, activated when the Air Quality Index (AQI) enters the ‘severe’ category (401 to 450).
**The Battle Against Pollution: GRAP Stage III**
The GRAP system, which encompasses a series of measures designed to address escalating pollution levels, has now entered its third stage in Delhi. This stage entails the prohibition of BS3 petrol and BS4 diesel vehicles. It is a response to the critical condition of the air quality, characterized by hazardous levels of pollution. The ban, enforced by the Delhi Transport Department, will remain in effect until further notice, given the absence of relief in the AQI forecasts and prevailing meteorological conditions.
The restriction extends to the National Capital Region (NCR) and applies to all four-wheeled light motor vehicles (LMVs) within the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi. Those who disregard this rule could face a substantial fine of Rs 20,000, as per Section 194(1) of the Motor Vehicle Act, 1988. However, exceptions will be made for police vehicles, those used for emergency services, and vehicles engaged in enforcement duties.
**GRAP: A Multi-Stage Approach**
GRAP comprises various stages that come into effect based on the AQI levels. Stage I, triggered when AQI is ‘poor’ (between 201 and 300), involves banning older diesel and petrol vehicles. Stage II, activated when AQI is ‘very poor’ (301 to 400), includes targeted measures to reduce air pollution at identified hotspots, such as regulating diesel generators.
In the event of further worsening air quality, the government may have to implement Stage IV of GRAP, reserved for situations when AQI exceeds 450 (Severe Plus). Under Stage IV, four-wheelers registered in other states will be prohibited from entering Delhi, except for BS6 vehicles, CNG vehicles, electric vehicles, and those used for transporting essential commodities.
**A Complex Challenge**
While the ban on BS3 and BS4 vehicles is a significant step toward addressing Delhi’s air pollution, it is essential to understand that pollution in the city is a multifaceted problem. Factors contributing to poor air quality include stubble burning, construction activities, vehicular emissions, industrial pollutants, and open waste burning. Specific weather conditions and geographical factors also play a role in exacerbating the issue.
Addressing Delhi’s air pollution problem requires a concerted, multi-pronged approach that considers all these factors. Meticulous planning and strict enforcement are necessary to achieve the desired results. The battle against pollution is not one that can be won overnight; it will likely take several years of sustained efforts to make Delhi’s air quality breathable, especially during the winter months.
In conclusion, the ban on BS3 and BS4 vehicles is a commendable measure in the fight against Delhi’s air pollution, but it represents just one piece of a complex puzzle. The city’s air quality can only be truly improved through a comprehensive and sustained effort to tackle the diverse sources of pollution.
